The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) announced on April 17 an important change in policy on application resubmissions for research grants, effective immediately. For applications due after April 16, 2014, following an unsuccessful resubmission application, applicants may submit the same idea as a new application for the next appropriate due date. The NIH and AHRQ will not assess the similarity of the science in the new application to any previously reviewed submission when accepting an application for review. Details on this policy are contained in the NIH notice linked below:
http://www.grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-14-074.html

NIH has also provided a list of frequently asked questions regarding this policy change.  This list can be viewed by following this link:
http://www.grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/resubmission_q&a.htm